我們對分體式電磁流量計kangganraojishujiayitantao,shouxianbixuduifentishidianciliuliangjiganraozaoshengchanshengdewulijilihetexingjiayifenxiyanjiu,congergenjugezhongganraozaoshengdetexingcaiyongxiangyingdekangganraoduice,yitigaofentishidianciliuliangjikangganraodenengli。
1 工頻幹擾噪聲
工頻幹擾噪聲是由電磁流量傳感器勵磁繞組和流體、電極、放(fang)大(da)器(qi)輸(shu)入(ru)回(hui)路(lu)的(de)電(dian)磁(ci)耦(ou)合(he),另(ling)外(wai)分(fen)體(ti)式(shi)電(dian)磁(ci)流(liu)量(liang)計(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)工(gong)頻(pin)共(gong)模(mo)幹(gan)擾(rao),其(qi)三(san)供(gong)電(dian)電(dian)源(yuan)引(yin)入(ru)的(de)工(gong)頻(pin)串(chuan)模(mo)幹(gan)擾(rao)等(deng),其(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)物(wu)理(li)機(ji)理(li)均(jun)是(shi)電(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應(ying)原(yuan)理(li)。首(shou)先(xian)就(jiu)電(dian)磁(ci)流(liu)量(liang)傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)和(he)流(liu)體(ti)、電極、放大器輸入回路的電磁耦合產生的工頻幹擾對分體式電磁流量計工作影響最大,而且在不同的勵磁技術下其表現的形態、特性不同,因而采取抗幹擾措施也不同,如圖1所示在各種勵磁技術。
此種電磁耦合工頻幹擾噪聲表現形式為正交幹擾(見圖1 b),又稱為變壓器電勢,其特點是幹擾噪聲幅值和工頻正弦波勵磁頻率成正比 ,相位滯後流量信號電勢900,且(qie)幅(fu)值(zhi)較(jiao)流(liu)量(liang)信(xin)號(hao)電(dian)勢(shi)大(da)幾(ji)個(ge)數(shu)量(liang)級(ji)。在(zai)低(di)頻(pin)矩(ju)形(xing)波(bo)勵(li)磁(ci),三(san)值(zhi)低(di)頻(pin)矩(ju)形(xing)波(bo)勵(li)磁(ci)和(he)雙(shuang)頻(pin)矩(ju)形(xing)波(bo)勵(li)磁(ci)條(tiao)件(jian),此(ci)種(zhong)電(dian)磁(ci)偶(ou)合(he)工(gong)頻(pin)幹(gan)擾(rao)噪(zao)聲(sheng)表(biao)現(xian)形(xing)式(shi)為(wei)微(wei)分(fen)幹(gan)擾(rao)(見圖1c),其(qi)波(bo)形(xing)為(wei)脈(mai)衝(chong)波(bo)形(xing),其(qi)中(zhong)幅(fu)值(zhi)和(he)磁(ci)通(tong)變(bian)化(hua)率(lv)成(cheng)正(zheng)比(bi),且(qie)按(an)指(zhi)數(shu)規(gui)律(lv)衰(shuai)減(jian),一(yi)般(ban)而(er)言(yan)其(qi)幅(fu)值(zhi)比(bi)正(zheng)弦(xian)波(bo)勵(li)磁(ci)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)的(de)正(zheng)交(jiao)幹(gan)擾(rao)大(da)得(de)多(duo),另(ling)外(wai)此(ci)微(wei)分(fen)幹(gan)擾(rao)僅(jin)在(zai)勵(li)磁(ci)磁(ci)通(tong)變(bian)化(hua)時(shi)產(chan)生(sheng),而(er)在(zai)磁(ci)通(tong)恒(heng)定(ding)時(shi),下(xia)一(yi)個(ge)磁(ci)通(tong)發(fa)生(sheng)變(bian)化(hua)之(zhi)前(qian)不(bu)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)微(wei)分(fen)幹(gan)擾(rao),具(ju)有(you)時(shi)段(duan)性(xing)。

zhenduigongpinzhengxianbolicixiadezhengjiaoganraozaosheng,caiyongfuzadezidongzhengjiaoyizhixitongjianxiaozhengjiaoganraozaoshengdeyingxiang,danyouyuzhengjiaoganraozaoshengbiliuliangxinhaodianshidajigeshuliangjizhengjiaoyizhidianzidianluderenhebuwanshandoujiangdaozhiyibufenzhengjiaoganraozhuanhuanchengtongxiangganrao,shigongpinzhengxianbolicifentishidianciliuliangjilingdianpiaoyi,liuliangceliangjingdunanyitigao。
采用低頻矩形波勵磁、三值低頻矩形波勵磁、雙shuang頻pin矩ju形xing波bo勵li磁ci,正zheng交jiao幹gan擾rao噪zao聲sheng演yan變bian成cheng為wei微wei分fen幹gan擾rao。由you於yu微wei分fen幹gan擾rao具ju有you時shi段duan時shi,利li用yong同tong步bu采cai樣yang技ji術shu在zai磁ci場chang恒heng定ding期qi,即ji微wei分fen幹gan擾rao衰shuai減jian為wei零ling之zhi後hou,采cai用yong寬kuan脈mai衝chong同tong步bu采cai樣yang( 工頻周期的偶數倍),以避免串入流量信號電勢中的工頻幹擾的影響。其次采用控製勵磁電流(勵磁磁通)變化率的方法減小微分幹擾的幅值,但減小流量信號采樣的時間間隔;也可以采用程控增益技術使微分幹擾時段增益為Odb,而恒磁通時段增益為100db,以減小微分幹擾的幅值的影響。
對於工頻共模幹擾和工頻串模幹擾是常見的幹擾,主要是由於電磁屏蔽缺陷、分布電容耦合、分體式電磁流量計接地不良等原因產生,采用輸入保護技術、高輸入阻抗、高共模抑製比自舉前置放大器技術以及重複接地技術,工頻寬脈衝同步采樣技術等提高抗工頻幹擾的能力。
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